Originating from Europe, the oil painting is a practice of image-building by applying paints made from pigments mixed with the vegetable oil on to a prepared surface such as canvas, paper, panels or other materials. It becomes an important international painting art in the modern times. The European Egg Tempera which came into being before the fifteenth century is the father of oil painting. When the egg yolk and pigment mixture was applied into painting, more oil  protrail and  painting from the photo  set out to find a more suitable medium of oil at the same time.
Generally, it is said that the Netherlandish Aritsits, the Van Eyck Brothers of the early fifteenth century were the foundesr of the oil painting techniques. Their former artists had already used oil to mix with pigment, while the Van Eyck Brothers introduced the linseed oil and nut oil to mix with pigment. By their renovation, improvements in the painting creation are made, such as easier control of creation tone and emulsion stuff stroke, less dry time of the painting, convenience in the repetitious overlay and revisement on the painting which produced the colorful layers and the great polish degree. And the picment attaches titer to surface and does not fade or loose that easy.The Van Eyck Brothers` new application of such paint in painting had great influence on the painting circle. The oil painting technique had been spreaded fastly to other western countries, especially in Venice, Italy and it develops rapidly there.

Material and Tool
The main material and tool of oil painting includes: Oil Paint, Brush, Painting Knife, Varnish, Canvas , Frame and so on:

1.Oil Paint: 
The oil paint can be devided into mineral copy point and classicality and the chemosynthesis pigment. Most the early pigments were minerals ground into powder by handwork and didn` t mix with oil until painting.
In modern times, the oil paint was made by mass production of the factory and packed into tin tubes. And there were a great increase in the oil paint classes. The property of the pigment is related with its chemical component. During the process of mixing color, there might appears some ill chemical action among pigment, so having a good knowledge of pigment property can help to apply the painting Protect  pet  portrait  photos into painting and make the color durable and classical. 
 
 2.Brush 
Brushes are often made of the animal hairs which are formed into round, flat, bright,fan and so on.
 3.Painting Knife   
 
Painting Knife is also called palette knife. It is made of the spring thin steel plate. There are acuminate and round knife. It is used to mix colors on the palette.Some artists sometimes use knife instead of brush to help to express the layer of the paint and the texture of painting. 
 
4.Canvas

Canvas mainly comes into two materials: cotton and linen. The cotton and linen are often devided into primed and unprimed. The unprimed means that the fabric has not had the undercoat of priming material necessary before you can paint it on. You can buy the primed canvas or you can do the priming yourself. The standard way to the priming is to tighten the linen or cotton on the stretcher, then brush an undercoat which is the mixture of glue or oil with whiting on fabric. Usually we make the base (undercoat) oil non-absorbable and wove-like. Sometimes it can be absorbable or half-absorbable. It depends on creating oil  protrail and  painting from the photo. The intensity of cloth texture is subject to the painting size as well as the result of the painting. It is good to use primed canvas for it can make a harmonious tone of painting as well as the allowance of exposing the grounding. The oil-repellent cardboard and wood panels also can be used instead of canvas after priming. 

5.Varnish

The varnish is usually painted after the oil painting is completely done and dry. It is used to keep brightness of the painting and prevent the corrasion and the dirt from air.

6.Frame

The frame is an important part of the whole painting, especially for the works of realism. It can confine the eyesight of the viewer on the works and highlight the painting image as a whole, thus the objects and images of the painting grows in depth from the angle of the viewer. The thickness and the size of the frame depends on the content of the works. The frame of classical oil painting is mostly made of the wood and gesso while the frames of modern works are mostly made of aluminium alloy.

Source：Xiamen Aitesi Art Co.,Ltd--Oil Painting
Add Time：2007-8-29 14:54:11